A Non-uniform Clustering Algorithm Based on Residual Energy in WSN

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks pose new research challenges related to the design of algorithms, network protocols, and software that will enable the development of applications based on sensor devices. In this paper, we propose a non-uniform clustering algorithm based on residual energy, called NCRE, considering both the distance between cluster heads and base station, and residual energy of nodes to extend the network lifetime of WSN. Using the residual energy of nodes, we improve the cluster head competition method and re-select the new cluster head nodes with more residual energy and less distance to their member nodes. In cluster-based routing establishment phase, we define the independent-cluster-head-nodes to release the energy consumption burden near the base station and construct the single-hop and multiple-hop routing scheme to communicate between the base station and cluster head nodes. Simulation results show NCRE is more efficient to reduce and balance energy consumption and hence prolong the lifetime of network.