Abstract
A nonlocal two-layer fluid model is constructed through a simple symmetry reduction from the local one. Then, a general variable coefficients nonlocal KdV (VCKdV) equation with shifted space parity and delayed time reversal is derived from it by using multi-scale expansion method, with and without the so-called $$y-$$average method, respectively. A non-auto-Backlund transformation between the VCKdV equation and a constant coefficients KdV (CCKdV) equation is established. By using this transformation, various exact solutions of the VCKdV equation can be obtained from the seed solutions of the CCKdV equation. As some concrete examples, one solitary wave solution and two kinds of periodic wave solutions are given. Due to the inclusion of arbitrary functions in these solutions, they possess abundant dynamical behaviors with some of them analyzed graphically.
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