Abstract
The health condition of working-age males in Poland remains largely associated with long-lasting sick leaves, one of the main reasons of which being cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The aim of this work was to develop a prediction model for FIT Treadmill Score (“FIT” refers to Henry Ford ExercIse Testing (FIT) Project) that only depends on easily accessible somatic data and smoking without the need to perform the exercise test anymore. The study comprised 146 men with a negative cardiological history, aged 26–60, with desk-jobs. By means of regression analysis it was tested to what degree obesity-related indices as well as smoking cigarettes allow for determining the measure level of mortality risk, without the necessity of performing an exercise test. The following independent variables were entered into the linear regression model: age, BMI, Fat%, waist circumference (WC), waist to height ratio (WHtR) as well as smoking. Statistically significant factors were singled out from among them. The obtained model accounts for a significant part (over 87%) of the variability of the mortality risk measure among the tested population. Based on the value of the standardised regression coefficient β, it can be stated that age is the factor that mostly determines the mortality risk measure, followed by the WHtR and smoking. The simplicity of the worked-out model and, resulting from it, the possibility of its common application should enable better health monitoring of working-age men with regard to cardiovascular disease occurrence and, related to it, mortality risk, thereby improving the quality of public health management.
Highlights
High mortality of working-age people constitutes a serious problem of the Polish population, both demographically and economically [1]
Body mass and its components were determined by means of the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) with the use of the Tanita TBF 300 electronic scale, body height was measured with a stadiometer (SECA 213, Hamburg, Germany) with accuracy to 1 mm and waist circumference with a constant tension tape measure compliant with the WHO protocol [28]
It was assumed that the basic criterion for the completion of the exercise test was volitional exhaustion and the inability to maintain the number of revolutions on the cycle ergometer above 60 per minute
Summary
High mortality of working-age people constitutes a serious problem of the Polish population, both demographically and economically [1]. The mortality risk of Polish males aged 30–59 is approximately two-thirds higher than the EU average [2]. Cardiovascular diseases, constituting the main life and health hazard of the Polish population, are considered one of the most important health problems in Poland, especially in the case of working-age males [3]. That concern is mostly expressed through their actions regarding physical working conditions and providing medical healthcare as well as—to a lesser degree—promotion of physical activity [4]. The results of intervention programmes promoting physical activity in a workplace vary—in most cases their impact is positive, in particular in the scope of musculoskeletal complaints, improvement of physical fitness and body mass control [6]. Despite the employers’ growing awareness of economic benefits of promoting health among the
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