Abstract
This manuscript deals with the situation in which the different agents or buses in a power network have access to local renewable resources and must manage its use in a distributed fashion. The buses distributedly decide the amount of power to be generated using their local renewable power plants, and that to be demanded from the grid. The decisions are made according to the optimization of a cost function that considers both economic and technical factors. The problem is approached resorting to a game-theoretical framework that requires a negotiation process among the neighboring buses. An iterative algorithm is proposed in order to solve this problem, providing existence and convergence conditions under which the buses reach a suitable equilibrium. The algorithm performance is tested in simulations over a modification of the IEEE 14-bus system, in which the lines are modeled as resistances and distributed generation is considered. Simulations on a network of 44 buses are also included to show the scalability of the method.
Highlights
Electronics 2021, 10, 768. https://doi.The electric power system is defined as a network of electrical components deployed to supply, transfer, store, and use electric power
Traditional power systems have a top-down operated architecture in which their components can be broadly classified as generators that supply the electric power; the transmission system that carries the power to the load centers; and the distribution system that feeds the loads
There is a controversial debate about the current effects of the electricity liberalization on electricity prices, it is clear that the real implementation of competitive markets should lead to efficiency gains in the economy, reducing electricity prices
Summary
The decisions taken by the different buses, if acting purely as selfish agents minimizing their costs, can dramatically affect the voltage regulation of the grid, making the power flow unfeasible or extremely inefficient This way, coordination and negotiation algorithms become crucial for the real implementation of these paradigms. None of them model and solve the problem in a realistic non-cooperative fashion, modeling the selfish nature of involved actors This manuscript studies a situation in which (all of some of) the grid buses or agents are capable of making decisions according to local interests (cost functions). The proposed algorithm preserves buses privacy and does not share any critical information during the negotiation and, differently from [10], each bus only requires knowledge about the parameters of adjacent power lines This manuscript is organized as follows: Section 2 presents the problem setup and the grid model.
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