Abstract
A novel approach is developed for desulphurization of fuels or organics without use of catalyst. In this process, organic and aqueous phases are mixed in a predefined manner under ambient conditions and passed through a cavitating device. Vapor cavities formed in the cavitating device are then collapsed which generate (in-situ) oxidizing species which react with the sulphur moiety resulting in the removal of sulphur from the organic phase. In this work, vortex diode was used as a cavitating device. Three organic solvents (n-octane, toluene and n-octanol) containing known amount of a model sulphur compound (thiophene) up to initial concentrations of 500 ppm were used to verify the proposed method. A very high removal of sulphur content to the extent of 100% was demonstrated. The nature of organic phase and the ratio of aqueous to organic phase were found to be the most important process parameters. The results were also verified and substantiated using commercial diesel as a solvent. The developed process has great potential for deep of various organics, in general, and for transportation fuels, in particular.
Highlights
Deep desulphurization or reducing sulphur content of various organics, in general, and transportation fuels, in particular to very low level (~10 ppm) is a demanding but essential operation, especially from pollution point of view
We present a new process based on hydrodynamic cavitation for deep desulphurization of fuels and organics without employing any catalyst and under mild operating conditions
We believe that the presented results demonstrate the applicability of proposed method based on hydrodynamic cavitation for sulphur removal and demonstrate its great potential for deep desulphurization of various organics, in general, and for transportation fuels, in particular
Summary
Hydrodynamic Cavitation received: 04 May 2016 accepted: 17 August 2016 Published: 08 September 2016. A novel approach is developed for desulphurization of fuels or organics without use of catalyst In this process, organic and aqueous phases are mixed in a predefined manner under ambient conditions and passed through a cavitating device. We present a new process based on hydrodynamic cavitation for deep desulphurization of fuels and organics without employing any catalyst and under mild operating conditions. We believe that the presented results demonstrate the applicability of proposed method based on hydrodynamic cavitation for sulphur removal and demonstrate its great potential for deep desulphurization of various organics, in general, and for transportation fuels, in particular. The samples were checked for changes in pH and COD using Spectralab MP-5 pH meter and Spectroquant Pharo 100 spectrophotometer (Merck Limited) where Spectroquant TR 320 was used as digester for digestion of samples for 2 h at 148 °C
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