Abstract

The Mycobacterium Bovis bacille Calmette–Guerin (BCG) vaccine is now over 100 years old. During this century, we have learnt a lot about what the BCG vaccination does and does not do, including that it does not provide consistent or optimal protection against tuberculosis (TB), and particularly, the most common pulmonary form of the disease, that is responsible for Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission.1,2 Many new candidate TB vaccines are in the development pipeline, including individual antigens delivered by viral vectors or with adjuvant and live mycobacterial vaccines such as genetically modified BCG or M tuberculosis itself.

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