Abstract
Conventional desalination systems dependent on abundant oil for inexpensive energy are no longer an option for those communities looking for a sustainable solution to the problem of water scarcity. Environmental and political imperatives around the world highlight the increasingly urgent need for a new, affordable, and efficient source of drinking water. To meet this demand, Advanced Distillation Technology (ADTech) has designed an ultra-efficient vacuum vapor compression distillation (VVCD) system for the production of fresh water from seawater. The energy demand of ADTech's all-electric VVCD system is less than half that of competing technologies and is ideal for coupling with the full array of alternative energy sources, including fuel cells, nuclear, sea wave, solar, and wind. Fuel cells offer unique synergy when combined with desalination because the output is not only electricity, but also hot water and air which can be captured to increase the efficiency of the integrated system. Recent technological triumphs made by H Power Corporation of New Jersey eliminate the historical problem of hydrogen storage and make fuel cells a particularly well suited power source for desalination. H Power's total energy module (TEM) implements their proprietary hydrogen storage technology. By integrating the VVCO with TEM, a robust, silent, and autonomous water-power system that produces negligible emissions is possible. A demonstration model of the VVCD system will begin a 6-month tour in early 1995, with operation planned in Monterey, California; Darnmam, Saudi Arabia; and Rarat, Morocco to verify performance and energy efficiency. The dramatic results are expected to create opportunities for new installations as well as replacements around the world for customers seeking to meet growing demand for water with maximum efficiency and minimum environmental degradation. If there is substantial international interest in a system integrating VVCD and fuel cell technology, ADTech and H Power are interested in developing a project to demonstrate this new water-power combination.
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