Abstract
The assessment of a new variety of spring soft wheat Aist 45 was given based on the analysis data of yield, plasticity, grain quality, and disease resistance. The studies were carried out at the Kurgan Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture, a branch of the Ural Federal Research Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. A test in breeding nurseries (2011-2020) showed an excess of yield over mid-season and mid-late standards (4.4 and 2.8 cwt/ha). In the ecological test under the KASIB (Kazakstan-Siberian network for improving spring wheat) program of 52 varieties in 16 points of Russia and Kazakhstan (2017-2018), Aist 45 variety had a high rating in terms of yield; according to the results of technological analysis, it showed good potential in the content of protein (15.7-16, 3%) and gluten in grain (31.6-32.4%), attributed to valuable wheat. When evaluated for resistance to brown rust against an artificial background in the seedling phase, Aist 45 was assigned to the resistant type (VIZR and VNIIF). Against the infectious background of the RIBSP of South Kazakhstan, the variety showed resistance to septoriosis and pyrenophorosis. Susceptible to dust brand. The variety is capable of forming a stable yield in drought stress conditions and epiphytotic development of brown and stem rust.
Highlights
In the Trans-Urals, the main grain crop is spring soft wheat, which is sown on about a million hectares
Western Siberia is a region with risky conditions for stable wheat grain production
Natural and climatic conditions in this region are distinguished by exceptional diversity, severity and variability in time and space [1]
Summary
In the Trans-Urals, the main grain crop is spring soft wheat, which is sown on about a million hectares. Western Siberia is a region with risky conditions for stable wheat grain production. When producing grain in difficult climatic conditions, preference should be given to varieties with high adaptability, plasticity and resistance to biotic factors. The presence of such traits is most characteristic of zoned and local varieties, the selection and evaluation of which took place over a long period in specific conditions, covering the whole variety of emerging weather phenomena [2]. Through the "prism" of ecological variety testing, the breeder is given the opportunity to compare the results of his work with the achievements of other researchers, if necessary, eliminate the shortcomings identified in the created material, timely expand seed production based on promising varieties and possibly use the material under study as sources of economically valuable traits and properties [5]
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