Abstract
A new synopsis of the Australian Campylopus species is given based on the revision of herbarium material from the National Herbarium of New South Wales (NSW), the Royal Botanic Gardens, Sydney and the Australian National Botanic Gardens, Canberra (CBG). Five species are recorded for the first time for Australia: Campylopus laxoventralis Herz. and C. modestus Card., both known before from southern South America, C. clemensiae Bartr., known before only from New Guinea, C. boswellii (C. Müll.) Par., known previously from New Guinea, Malaysia and Hawaii, and C. fragilis (Brid.) B.S.G., a species widespread in America, Africa and Eurasia. The last was collected between 1884 and 1913 and has not been found since. These new records bring the number of Campylopus species in Australia to 24, for which a key is given. Numerous species are also reported for the first time for different Australian states.
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