A new spiny species of Hypostomus Lacépède (Loricariidae: Hypostominae) from thermal waters, upper rio Paraná basin, central Brazil

Fernanda O Martins,Francisco Langeani,Cláudio H Zawadzki

doi:10.1590/1982-0224-20140035

Fernanda O Martins, Francisco Langeani + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20140035

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Abstract

A new species of Hypostomus is described from the rio Quente, rio Paranaíba drainage, in the upper rio Paraná basin in central Brazil. The rio Quente is a peculiar small and shallow fast water stream with water temperatures around 34ºC. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by having the five lateral series of plates with hypertrophied odontodes not aligned in rows and more conspicuous on flanks of caudal peduncle of the larger specimens. The new species is only known from the rio Quente.

Highlights

The genus Hypostomus Lacépède bears the greatest diversity within the Loricariidae, with about 130 valid species (Eschmeyer, 2012; Zawadzki et al, 2014)
Body measurements are given as percents of the standard length (SL), except when noted; subunits of the head are given as percents of head length (HL)
Hypertrophied odontodes on flanks in the Hypostominae are mainly found in species of Aphanotorulus Isbrücker & Nijssen, Peckoltia Miranda Ribeiro [as in some specimens of P. brevis (La monte)], Squaliforma Isbrücker & Michels, and even in some keeled species of Hypostomus

Summary

Introduction

The genus Hypostomus Lacépède bears the greatest diversity within the Loricariidae, with about 130 valid species (Eschmeyer, 2012; Zawadzki et al, 2014). The rio Quente, a tributary of the rio Piracanjuba, rio Paranaíba drainage, upper rio Paraná basin, located in the southern Goiás State, central Brazil, can be considered one of these underexplored areas. This is a natural stream of warm water that starts to flow at 700 m above sea level, in the upper part of the western flank of the Caldas Novas dome. The springs of thermal waters rise to the surface at temperatures around 50oC from a series of open spaces in the basal layers of quartzite of the Paranoá Group, and remain relatively warm downstream (D’el-Rey Silva et al, 2008) According to these authors, the rio Quente is unique, and there is no other natural spring of thermal waters in the region. Recent samples in the rio Quente revealed the presence of a peculiar spiny species of Hypostomus which does not pertain to any of the known species for the genus and is described

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