Abstract
ABSTRACT A new species of Moenkhausia is described from the upper rio Machado at Chapada dos Parecis, rio Madeira basin, Rondônia State, Brazil. Among congeners, the new species is similar to Moenkhausia chlorophthalma, M. cotinho , M. lineomaculata , M. plumbea, and M. petymbuaba by having dark blotches on the anterior portion of the body scales, which are absent in the remaining species of the genus. The new speciesdiffers from aforementioned species by possessing blue eyes in life, 15-18 branched anal-fin rays, and a well-defined, round caudal-peduncle spot that does not reach the upper and lower margins of the caudal peduncle and does not extend to the tip of the middle caudal-fin rays.
Highlights
Material and MethodsThe species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann, 1903 are widely distributed throughout the Neotropical Cis-Andean river basins, except for those in Patagonia, with greatest diversity occurring in the basins of the Amazon and Guianas (Lima et al, 2003)
During recent fieldwork in the upper rio Machado drainage, which is a major tributary of the rio Madeira in the state of Rondônia, an additional undescribed species was discovered and is described
The traditional classification system of the Characidae developed by Eigenmann (1917, 1918, 1921) delimited several genera based on morphological characters such as the form of the teeth, squamation of the caudal-fin, presence or absence of the adipose fin, and length of the lateral line
Summary
Material and MethodsThe species of Moenkhausia Eigenmann, 1903 are widely distributed throughout the Neotropical Cis-Andean river basins, except for those in Patagonia, with greatest diversity occurring in the basins of the Amazon and Guianas (Lima et al, 2003). Moenkhausia parecis is distinguished from all congeners, except M. clorophthalma Sousa, Netto-Ferreira & Birindelli, 2010, some populations of M. cotinho Eigenmann, 1908 (see Discussion), M. lineomaculata Dagosta, Marinho & Benine, 2015, M. petymbuaba Lima & Birindelli, 2009, and M. plumbea Sousa, NettoFerreira & Birindelli, 2010 by the presence of a dark blotch on the anterior portion of each scale of the second to seventh longitudinal series (vs pigmentation absent or, when present, concentrated at the posterior margin of scales, forming a reticulate pattern).
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