Abstract
A new species of Hisonotus is described from the rio São Francisco basin. The new species can be distinguished from congeners by having (1) a unique coloration pattern of caudal fin with one black spot extending from its origin to the ventral lobe and two dark spots at the end of the lobe’s rays; (2) odontodes forming longitudinally aligned rows on head and trunk; (3) a functional V-shaped spinelet; (4) a single rostral plate at the tip of the snout; (5) by lacking contrasting dark geometric spots on the anterodorsal region of the body; (6) a lower caudal-peduncle depth; and (7) lower counts of the lateral median plates and (8) higher premaxillary and dentary teeth. The new species is the second described species of the genus Hisonotus in the rio São Francisco basin. It was found inhabiting the marginal vegetation of the rio São Francisco and three of its tributary, rio das Velhas, rio Paraopeba and rio Formoso.
Highlights
Loricariidae is one of the largest and most diverse families of Neotropical freshwater fish with about 900 valid species (Eschmeyer and Fong 2014)
The loricariids are subdivided into seven subfamilies: Delturinae, Hypoptopomatinae, Hypostominae, Lithogeninae, Loricariinae, Neoplecostominae, and Otothyrinae (Armbruster 2004; Reis et al 2006; Chiachio et al 2008; Roxo et al 2014a)
Specimens are deposited at the LBP, Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu; MZUSP, Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo
Summary
Loricariidae is one of the largest and most diverse families of Neotropical freshwater fish with about 900 valid species (Eschmeyer and Fong 2014).
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