Abstract
A new species of Gladioglanis is described from a single locality on rio Aripuanã, rio Madeira basin, and can be distinguished from its congeners by the following characters: dorsal-fin spine and spinelet absent, first dorsal-fin ray flexible, unbranched, followed by five branched dorsal-fin rays, pectoral-fin spine short and with few (5 anterior-side, 4 posterior-side) dentations, 22-25 anal-fin rays, round profile of the head in dorsal view, first dorsal-fin pterygiophore in contact with the neural spine of eighth vertebrae, 13 caudal-fin rays in both upper and lower lobes, and 60 total vertebrae. Some of its characters are discussed below and compared among the species of a small clade within Heptapteridae proposed by Bockmann (1998).
Highlights
Measurements are given as percentages of standard length (SL) or head length (HL)
For the caudal fin we report the total count in each lobe
Only one - a short, stout dorsal-fin spine - shows a different condition in G. anacanthus
Summary
The heptapterid catfish genus Gladioglanis was proposed by Ferraris & Mago-Leccia (1989) based on the unique (among heptapterids) character of unossified lateral-line canal ossifications, plus a combination of derived features. Bockmann (1998) proposed a well-corroborated clade within the Heptapteridae, composed of Gladioglanis, Phreatobius and genera with highly developed jaw adductor muscles (Brachyglanis, Leptorhamdia and Myoglanis). Bockmann (1998) presented phylogenetic evidence for a sister group relationship between Gladioglanis and Phreatobius within this clade. Gladioglanis occur in small, shallow, clear or blackwater streams on substrates of leaf litter and on accumulated detritus (Ferraris & Mago-Leccia, 1989; Lundberg et al, 1991) and their diet includes small invertebrates (Ferraris & MagoLeccia, 1989)
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