Abstract
Inthis study, the genetic substructure and morphology of the species Neusticomysmonticolus was evaluated. A nuclear marker and mitochondrial maker were used to examine phylogeographic structure and to estimategenetic distances. Two statistical measurement analyses were applied to morphological data. These data recovered two morphologically distinct phylogeographic groups corresponding to populations on the eastern and western slopes of the Andes. Further, these eastern and western Andean slope populations of N. monticolus are 8.5 % divergent using sequence data from cytochrome-b (0.8 % divergent in the interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein gene). Populationscurrently assigned to N.monticolus constitutea species complex. The name N.monticolus is here restricted to western Andean slope populations. Populations on the eastern slope of the Andes are assigned to a new species, to which the authors assign the name Neusticomys vossi sp.nov.
Highlights
In this study, the genetic substructure and morphology of the species Neusticomys monticolus was evaluated
Given the already noticed morphological differences among the phylogeographic units here uncovered, we describe a new species of Neusticomys
The tissue was obtained for another member of Ichthyomyini (Rheomys raptor), and sequences were obtained from GenBank for eight additional members of the subfamily Sigmodontinae and four non-sigmodontine members of the family Cricetidae (Appendix)
Summary
The genetic substructure and morphology of the species Neusticomys monticolus was evaluated. Recent phylogenetic analyses, based on nuclear DNA sequences which include representatives of only two ichthyomyine genera (Rheomys and Neusticomys), have questioned the monophyly of the tribe (Martínez et al 2012; Parada et al 2013; Salazar‐Bravo et al 2013). A recent inspection of the sequence of Neusticomys (EU649036) indicates that it may be a chimeric sequence that includes a fragment retrieved from an oryzomyine. This would weaken the argument against a monophyletic Ichthyomyini
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