Abstract
We describe a new species of poison frog from Amazonian Peru. Dendrobates uakarii, sp. nov. is distinguished by the presence of paired parallel dorsolateral lines: one yellow oblique lateral and one red dorsolateral (on each flank), with one vertebral line, similar in color to the dorsolateral lines. Phylogenetic analysis show that D. uakarii, sp. nov. and closely related taxa (D. ventrimaculatus sp. aff. Shreve from Porto Walter, Brazil and another from Amazonas, Brazil) form the sister group to D. fantasticus Boulenger. This new species can be distinguished from its sister taxa on the basis of 19 unique mitochondrial gene nucleotide site substitutions. Comparisons between closely related species show a slight difference in call repetition rate and mean frequency.
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