Abstract
Chaetopterus is a globally distributed genus of marine Annelida with a long history of taxonomic confusion. Here, we describe Chaetopterus bruneli sp. nov. from a depth of 350 m in the St. Lawrence Estuary, eastern Canada. The new species represents the northernmost record for Chaetopterus in the western Atlantic to date. The similar European species Chaetopterus norvegicus M. Sars, 1835 is resurrected from long-standing synonymy and redescribed from type material, and a lectotype is designated.
Highlights
Chaetopteridae Audouin & Milne-Edwards, 1833 is a globally distributed family of marine Annelida Lamarck, 1809, and currently comprises 73 valid species in four genera (Britayev & Martin 2019; Read & Fauchald 2019; Tilic & Rouse 2020)
The genus Chaetopterus was first revised by Joyeux-Laffuie (1890), who regarded most European representatives as belonging to Chaetopterus variopedatus (Renier 1804)
Subsequent authors expanded this view to eventually place all species of Chaetopterus from the North Atlantic, Indo-Pacific, and Antarctic under C. variopedatus, as a single, highly variable and cosmopolitan species
Summary
Chaetopteridae Audouin & Milne-Edwards, 1833 is a globally distributed family of marine Annelida Lamarck, 1809, and currently comprises 73 valid species in four genera (Britayev & Martin 2019; Read & Fauchald 2019; Tilic & Rouse 2020). Established for C. pergamentaceus Cuvier, 1830, a large, infaunal, tube-dwelling annelid described from the Caribbean Sea. Members of the genus Chaetopterus have the most extreme notopodial specialization among chaetopterids, with all benthic species sharing a highly conserved complement of specialized, modified notopodial structures for single mucus net suspension feeding in the middle body region. Members of the genus Chaetopterus have the most extreme notopodial specialization among chaetopterids, with all benthic species sharing a highly conserved complement of specialized, modified notopodial structures for single mucus net suspension feeding in the middle body region The uniformity of their unusually tagmatized body plan, coupled with a flexible capacity for anterior and posterior regeneration (Berrill 1928), contributes to difficulty in distinguishing among species on the basis of morphology alone. While several Pacific species have been resurrected from synonymy (Nishi 2001), most species remain synonymized with C. variopedatus
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