A new species and range extensions for three other species of pebblesnails (Lithoglyphidae, Fluminicola) from the upper Klamath basin, California-Oregon.

Hsiu-Ping Liu,Robert Hershler

doi:10.3897/zookeys.812.29205

Hsiu-Ping Liu, Robert Hershler

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.812.29205

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Abstract

This is the fifth in a recent series of papers on the poorly known western North American pebblesnail genus Fluminicola (Caenogastropoda, Lithoglyphidae). Herein we clarify the taxonomic status of the currently undescribed pebblesnail fauna in the upper Klamath River drainage (UKL) based on morphologic evidence, and mitochondrial DNA sequence data from 58 UKL collection localities. We describe one new species (F.klamathensis) from eight UKL localities which is differentiated by mtDNA sequences and unique penial morphology, and document range extensions to the UKL for three species from closely proximal drainages (F.fresti, F.modoci, F.multifarius). Fluminicolafresti was found at a single locality along the western edge of upper Klamath Lake. Fluminicolamodoci and F.multifarius are widely distributed in the UKL; both species exhibit marked morphologic variation yet are relatively little differentiated genetically in this basin.

Highlights

This is the fifth in a recent series of papers on the freshwater pebblesnails (Lithoglyphidae: Fluminicola) of the Pacific Northwest, USA
Ninety-four (94) c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 96 cytochrome B (cytB) haplotypes were detected in the analyzed upper Klamath River drainage (UKL) specimens (Suppl. materials 2, 3, respectively)
This lineage is well differentiated genetically from currently recognized Fluminicola species (7.6–17.2% for COI, 6.4–20.3% for cytB) and is further distinguished by unique penial morphology; we describe it as a new species below

Summary

Introduction

This is the fifth in a recent series of papers on the freshwater pebblesnails (Lithoglyphidae: Fluminicola) of the Pacific Northwest, USA. The UKL pebblesnails have subsequently become a focus of conservation attention–e.g, four of the putative novelties recognized by Frest and Johannes were incorporated into the Northwest Forest Plan as “survey and management species” (USDA and USDI 1994; see Frest and Johannes 1999) and three of these were petitioned (unsuccessfully) for addition to the Federal List of Threatened and Endangered Species (Curry et al 2008; USFWS 2012)–there have been no recently published studies of this fauna aside from a molecular phylogenetic analysis which delineated a close relationship between specimens from the Link River (the outlet of Upper Klamath lake) and F. modoci Hannibal, 1912 from the Goose Lake basin (Hershler et al 2007) We utilize both molecular (mitochondrial DNA sequences) and morphological data to delimit the UKL pebblesnail species. The former has proved very useful in previous taxonomic studies of pebblesnails, enabling delineation of both morphologically cryptic, and morphologically variable species (Hershler et al 2007, 2017; Liu et al 2013)

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