Abstract
We present a novel SEIR (susceptible–exposure–infective–recovered) model that is suitable for modeling the eradication of diseases by mass vaccination or control of diseases by case isolation combined with contact tracing, incorporating the vaccine efficacy or the control efficacy into the model. Moreover, relying on this novel SEIR model and some probabilistic arguments, we have found four formulas that are suitable for estimating the basic reproductive numbers R 0 in terms of the ratio of the mean infectious period to the mean latent period of a disease. The ranges of R 0 for most known diseases, that are calculated by our formulas, coincide very well with the values of R 0 estimated by the usual method of fitting the models to observed data.
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