A New Sample of Radio‐selected and Optically Confirmed Supernova Remnants in M33

Abstract

Using radio data to identify and optical data to confirm, we have established the largest and most complete sample of extragalactic radio-bright supernova remnants (SNRs) in the nearby spiral galaxy M33. We have identified 53 radio SNRs, doubling the size of the earlier survey by Duric et al. The increased sample size provides more insight into the nature of SNRs and provides an extensive informational database about SNRs for future studies. The SNR sample was analyzed for statistical trends that relate to the evolution of their radio emission. We report no significant correlation between the radio flux densities and diameters of SNRs in our sample. The absence of a statistically meaningful Σ-D relation is consistent with the view that environmental factors govern the radio evolution of SNRs. A new radio luminosity function for SNRs is presented. Although there appears to be a break in the function, the break is the result of selection effects and not intrinsic to the sample. A comparison of the radio luminosity function with the integrated radio continuum properties of M33 suggests that SNRs may well be the primary source of the relativistic electrons in M33. A histogram of synchrotron spectral indices of the SNRs is presented. Statistical analysis of the spectral index distribution indicates that the mean spectral index of SNRs in M33 is steeper than the mean in samples of SNRs in the Galaxy or the LMC and is consistent with a particle spectrum expected from a diffusive shock acceleration process.