Abstract
Background: periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is known as the gold standard surgical treatment in young adults with symptomatic hip dysplasia. With the aim of reducing soft tissue trauma, we developed a new rectus and sartorius sparing (RASS) approach. We hypothesized that this new PAO technique was equal regarding acetabular reorientation, complication rate, and short-term clinical outcome parameters, compared to our conventional, rectus sparing (RS) approach. Patients and Methods: we retrospectively assessed all PAO procedures performed by a single surgeon between 2016 and 2019 (n = 239 hips in 217 patients). The cases in which the new RASS technique were used (n = 48) were compared to the RS cases for acetabular orientation parameters, surgical time, perioperative reduction of hemoglobin level, and length of hospital stay (LOHS). Inclusion criteria were a lateral center-edge angle (LCEA) <25° and osteoarthritis Tönnis grade ≤1. Patients with acetabular retroversion or additional femoral osteotomy were excluded. Results: the mean patient age at the time of surgery was 29 years (14 to 50, SD ± 8.5). Females accounted for 79.5% in this series. The mean preoperative LCEA were 16° (7 to 24°, SD ± 4.4) and 15° (0 to 23°, SD ± 6) in the RASS and the RS group, respectively (p = 0.96). The mean preoperative acetabular index (AI) angles were 14° (2 to 25°, SD ± 4) and 14° (7 to 29°, SD ± 4.3), respectively (p = 0.67). The mean postoperative LCEA were significantly improved to 31° (25 to 37°, SD ± 3.5, p < 0.001) and 30.2° (20 to 38°, SD ± 4, p < 0.001), respectively. The mean postoperative AI angles improved to 2.8° (−3 to 13°, SD ± 3.3, p < 0.001) and 3° (−2 to 15°, SD ± 3.3, p < 0.001), respectively. There were no significant differences between the RASS and the RS group for surgical time, perioperative reduction in hemoglobin level, and LOHS. No blood transfusions were necessary perioperatively in either group. No major perioperative complication occurred in either group. We observed one surgical site infection (SSI) requiring superficial debridement in the RS group. Conclusion: the RASS approach for PAO showed to be a safe procedure with equivalent acetabular reorientation and equivalent clinical outcome parameters compared to the RS approach. Additionally, patients have fewer postoperative restrictions in mobilization with the RASS approach.
Highlights
Introduction distributed under the terms andDevelopmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) has been identified as the most frequent cause for early, secondary osteoarthritis in young patients [1,2]
With the above-mentioned goals, we developed a new rectus and sartorius sparing (RASS) approach for periacetabular osteotomy (PAO)
The main finding of this study is that acetabular reorientation can be reliably and safely achieved via a RASS approach, in the same manner as via a rectus sparing (RS) approach [14,19]
Summary
Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) has been identified as the most frequent cause for early, secondary osteoarthritis in young patients [1,2]. In 1988, Ganz et al published a surgical, joint preserving technique for acetabular reorientation in patients with symptomatic DDH [3]. This technique, known as Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO), conditions of the Creative Commons. Allows to optimize the acetabular coverage of the femoral head and thereby improve the biomechanical loading of the joint, showing overall good long-term results [4,5]. Reorientation of the acetabular fragment in an optimal position remains the most challenging surgical step. Even in the hands of experienced surgeons, significant complications have been reported in the literature [3,6,7,8]
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