Abstract

Abstract. A new species of stem Orthoptera, namely Phtanomiamia gui gen. et sp. nov., is described from the Pennsylvanian Xiaheyan locality in China. Despite the intensive collecting efforts undertaken at this locality, a single forewing was recovered. It shares with the “lobeattid” Miamia spp. two peculiar traits, namely a broad ScP–R/RA area and a very early branching of CuA + CuPa. On the other hand, it displays a free portion of CuA (between its divergence from M + CuA and its fusion with CuPa), a trait allowing exclusion of the new species from Miamia, to which it is most likely very closely related.

Highlights

  • The Xiaheyan locality has yielded an unprecedented number of specimens of early-Pennsylvanian winged insects

  • The new specimen shares with Miamia spp. a comparatively broad ScP–R/RA area. Another peculiar trait shared with the corresponding species is the very early branching of CuA + CuPa

  • The new specimen lacks the defining character state of Miamia, namely “in forewings, CuPa fuses with M + CuA” (Béthoux, 2008), a condition implying that CuA does not possess a free portion between its divergence from M + CuA and its fusion with CuPa

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Summary

Introduction

The Xiaheyan locality has yielded an unprecedented number of specimens of early-Pennsylvanian winged insects. Many species could be documented on the basis of large to very large samples, in particular among the stem lineages of Orthoptera (crickets, katydids and grasshoppers), which dominate the various taphocoenoses from which insect remains were recovered (Trümper et al, 2020). Species such as Longzhua loculata Gu, Béthoux and Ren, 2011, Miamia maimai Béthoux, Gu, Yue and Ren, 2012b and Protomiamia yangi Du, Béthoux, Gu and Ren, 2017 were described based on several tens of specimens each. Because the chances to collect additional material at Xiaheyan are very low, we endeavoured to provide a description despite the meagre sample

Material and methods
Systematic description
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