A new quinolone and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors from a sponge-associated fungus Penicillium sp. SCSIO41033

Abstract

The chemical investigation of the EtOAc extract from the solid rice medium cultured with a sponge-associated fungus Penicillium sp. SCSIO41033 led to the isolation of two quinolones including a new one, penicinolone (1), three xanthone derivatives (3–5), and four anthraquinones (6–9). Their structures were determined by comprehensive analysis of 1H and 13C NMR, COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectroscopic, and HRESIMS mass spectrometric data. The bioactive assays revealed that compounds 1 and 2 showed no antimicrobial activities against five bacteria and eight fungi, and compounds 5, 8 and 9 exhibited inhibition against AChE with IC50 values of 45.9, 42.5 and 40.5 μg/mL. Molecular docking analysis was performed to explore the interactions between active molecules and AChE protein, which indicated that xanthone and anthraquinone derivatives had the potential for developing AChE inhibitors.