Abstract
A new Portholefish, Diplophos vicinia sp. nov., is described on the basis of nine specimens collected from the western Pacific Ocean by commercial midwater trawl. The new species, currently known only from the South China Sea and north of Papua New Guinea, can be easily distinguished from six nominal congeners by the combination of the following characters: dorsal-fin origin closer to snout than caudal-fin base, distance between last two AC photophores half that between preceding photophores, gill rakers 4 + 10-11=14-15, abdominal vertebrae 30-32, caudal vertebrae 44-45, total vertebrae 74-76, and the following photophore counts: IP 13-14, PV 18-19, IV 31-32, VAV 12-13, AC 37-39 + 2, and IC 83-86.
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