Abstract
A new O2 band system, the c1∑u−‐b1∑g+ transition, has been found in sky spectra of the terrestrial nightglow from the Keck telescopes. The spectral region is 380–550 nm, and emission occurs from highly vibrationally excited levels, exhibiting peak intensities at v = 9 and v = 10 of the c1∑u− state. The spectral lines are relatively sparse, and because of the nature of the transition, they extend to quite high rotational levels in a single Q branch. Population is observed from v = 4 to v = 11 of the c1∑u− state, and the estimated intensity of the entire system is 30 R. A comparison is made between the detectability of the new system and the c1∑u−‐X3∑g+ Herzberg II bands of O2, taking into consideration that the latter are the dominant visible emission in the nightglow of Venus, though only from v′ = 0.
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