Abstract
Acquiring energy contained in biomass requires its prior appropriate preparation. These treatments require some energy inputs, which significantly affect the reduction of the energy and the environmental balance in the entire life cycle of the biomass energy processing chain. In connection with the above, the aim of this work is to develop a methodology for the environmental assessment of biomass grinding in the processing chain for energy purposes. The research problem is formulated as follows: Is it possible to provide an assessment model that takes into account the environmental inputs and benefits of the grinding process of biomass intended for further energy use (for example, combustion)? How do the control variables of the grinding machine affect the environmental process evaluation? In response to these research problems, an original, carbon dioxide emission assessment index of the biomass grinding process was developed. The model was verified by assessing the process of rice and maize grinding on a real object—a five-disc mill—with various speed settings of the grinding disc. It was found that the carbon dioxide emission assessment model developed provides the possibility of comparing grinding processes and identifying the grinding process with a better CO2 emission balance, where its values depend on the control parameters of the mill.
Highlights
Grinding processes are one of the most commonly used preparatory processes for energy carriers intended for combustion and co-combustion [1,2] and biofuel production [3,4,5].These biomass forms may include plant-based lignocellulose waste [6,7], sewage waste [8,9], and animal-based meat processing waste [10]
The results show that the fraction percentage share was different for each disc angular speed setting configuration
Emissions index, it should be noted that desired condition is to reduce the energy consumption for grinding and increase cM
Summary
Grinding processes are one of the most commonly used preparatory processes for energy carriers (fossil and alternative) intended for combustion and co-combustion [1,2] and biofuel production [3,4,5] These biomass forms may include plant-based lignocellulose waste [6,7], sewage waste [8,9], and animal-based meat processing waste [10]. To enhance the utilization of these biomass forms for direct combustion [11,12] or as a biorefinery feedstock [1,7], size reduction approaches typically constitute a significant pre-treatment step that must be undertaken [13] This is because size reduction operations serve to enhance accessibility to the stored carbon present in biomass. In order to maximize the potential of ground raw materials, energy consumption during grinding (processing) should be as low as Energies 2020, 13, 330; doi:10.3390/en13020330 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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