Abstract

A system that measures impedance of a novel planar electromagnetic sensor successfully estimated the amount of ammonium and nitrate contaminations in natural water sources with the use of independent component analysis. The system employs a planar electromagnetic sensor which is simple to construct, reliable, and low cost. In this paper we have reported the achievement of extending the detecting capabilities of the sensor using independent component analysis to estimate ammonium nitrate contamination in water sources supply with good accuracy. The outcomes show a very good estimation of contamination level with the output response of the sensor and independent component analysis method.

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