Abstract
A new method for measuring the film and line tensions γ and κ is described. It is applicable to a bubble (or drop) attached to a liquid surface. Perturbational equations for the lower bubble surface, the cap of the bubble (the film) and the external meniscus are derived. The radius of the contact line, rc, and the equatorial bubble radius, R, are measured optically. The radius of curvature of the film, Rf, is deteimined from the experimental differential interferometric pattern (by the shearing method) and the equations of the bubble cap and the external meniscus. The film and line tensions are calculated from the measured values of rc, R and Rf, the equations of the three surfaces and the conditions for mechanical equilibriun. The measured film and line tensions for bubbles in solutions of sodium lauiylsulfate exhibit a strong dependence on the film curvature and unexpectedly large values of the (negative) line tension. The results are in qualitative agreement with the theory of Churaev, Starov and Derjaguin and the results of Torza and Mason.
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