Abstract
The CDC launched the National Plan to Eliminate Syphilis from the USA in October 1999 [23]. In order to reach this goal, a good understanding of the transmission dynamics of the disease is necessary. Based on a SIRS model Breban et al. [2] provided some evidence that supports the feasibility of the plan proving that no recurring outbreaks should occur for syphilis. We study in this work a syphilis model that includes partial immunity and vaccination. This model suggests that a backward bifurcation very likely occurs for the real-life estimated epidemiological parameters for syphilis. This may explain the resurgence of syphilis after mass treatment [20]. Occurrence of backward bifurcation brings a new challenge for the plan of the CDC’s {striking a balance between treatment of early infection, vaccination development and health education. Our models suggest that the development of an eective vaccine, as well as health education that leads to enhanced
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