A new magnetically recyclable heterogeneous palladium(II) as a green catalyst for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and reduction of nitroarenes in aqueous medium at room temperature

Abstract

Abstract In the current work, a new stable and powerful magnetic nanoparticle supported Schiff base-palladium(II) (MNPs@SB-Pd) nanomagnetic catalyst was synthesized. The structural feature of the MNPs@SB-Pd nanomagnetic catalyst was properly characterized using a combination of attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Visible), inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis (BET). The air- and moisture stable prepared MNPs@SB-Pd nanomagnetic catalyst was applied in C–C bond formation through Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions and reduction of nitroarenes. Use of green medium, eco-friendly, waste-free, efficient preparation leading to high yield of products, short reaction time and cost effective catalyst are the major benefits of the method presented. In addition, the MNPs@SB-Pd nanomagnetic catalyst was easily separated from the reaction mixture with the help of an external magnetic field and reused for five consecutive cycles in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling and ten consecutive cycles in reduction of nitroarene reactions with no significant loss of catalytic efficiency.