A new lower eyelid reconstruction using transverse facial artery perforator flap based on an anatomical study

Abstract

With the ageing of the global society, the demand for lower eyelid reconstruction following malignant skin tumour resection is increasing. For decades, flaps that require excessive dissection have been used to reconstruct relatively large lower eyelid defects. A new, less invasive option is needed for elderly patients. We present a new surgical technique using a transverse facial artery perforator flap. Records of 11 patients who underwent lower eyelid reconstruction with transverse facial artery perforator flaps after malignant skin tumour resection were reviewed. The mean age of the patients was 85.7±6.7 years. Six patients underwent surgery under local anaesthesia and five under general anaesthesia. Malignant skin tumours were resected with 4-10mm of the surrounding skin, depending on the tumour type. An ipsilateral transverse facial artery perforator flap was raised to cover the defect. Primary reconstructions were achieved in all cases. The median follow-up period was 13 (range, 9-33) months. Two minor complications occurred during the follow-up period: pyogenic granuloma (n=1) and temporary ocular pain and conjunctivitis (n=1). The incidence of complications and the results of the functional and aesthetic evaluation based on the modified patient-reported outcome measure showed no significant differences between the two different anaesthesia groups. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report to describe the use of a transverse facial artery perforator flap for lower eyelid reconstruction. The flap may be an effective option for lower eyelid reconstruction in elderly patients to achieve good functional and aesthetic outcomes with low risk and minimal invasion.