Abstract
Among the founding fathers of experimental embryology, Hans Spemann was one of the dominant figures. His theoretical outlook was greatly influenced by Theodor Boveri and August Weismann, whose main interest centered around the question: What are the relative contributions that the nucleus and the cytoplasm make, respectively, in the determination of the course of animal development? Weismann had postulated that the determinants of development are localized in the nucleus, particularly in the chromosomes. According to Weismann’s theory, diversified differentiation of the organism is the result of the (postulated) fact that as the egg divides into blastomeres and then into a large population of cells, the nuclei become nonequivalent, successively losing some of their determinants at each step of cell division.
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