A New Insight on the Radioprotective Potential of Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid.

Timur Saliev,Dinara Baiskhanova,Dinara Begimbetova,Dainius Pavalkis,Bauyrzhan Umbayev,Ildar Fakhradiyev,Dmitriy Beznosko,Baimakhan Tanabayev,Talgat Nurgozhin

doi:10.3390/medicina56120663

Abstract

Background and objectives: The aim of the study was to scrutinize the ability of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to prevent radiation-induced damage to human cells. Materials and Methods: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to ionizing radiation at three low doses (22.62 mGy, 45.27 mGy, and 67.88 mGy) in the presence of EACA at the concentration of 50 ng/mL. Results: EACA was able to prevent cell death induced by low-dose X-ray radiation and suppress the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). EACA also demonstrated a capacity to protect DNA from radiation-induced damage. The data indicated that EACA is capable of suppression of radiation-induced apoptosis. Comparative tests of antioxidative activity of EACA and a range of free radical scavengers showed an ability of EACA to effectively inhibit the generation of ROS. Conclusions: This study showed that the pretreatment of PBMCs with EACA is able to protect the cells from radiation-elicited damage, including free radicals’ formation, DNA damage, and apoptosis.

Highlights

Despite recent progress in research on radioprotective compounds, no drugs have been officially approved and implemented worldwide as prophylactic agents against ionizing radiation.there is a great need for such agents, especially for patients undergoing radiation therapy, and for medical staff involved in the servicing radiation-emitting devices
The data showed that the pretreatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with epsilonaminocaproic acid (EACA) has prevented cell loss in the groups subjected to radiation
ANOVA analysis demonstrated that there is no statistical difference between groups exposed to the lowest radiation level (22.62 mGy), and the group treated with the same dose, but with added EACA (p = 0.287)

Summary

Introduction

Despite recent progress in research on radioprotective compounds, no drugs have been officially approved and implemented worldwide as prophylactic agents against ionizing radiation.there is a great need for such agents, especially for patients undergoing radiation therapy, and for medical staff involved in the servicing radiation-emitting devices. Despite recent progress in research on radioprotective compounds, no drugs have been officially approved and implemented worldwide as prophylactic agents against ionizing radiation. In the context of recent catastrophes at nuclear stations such as the Chernobyl and Fukushima incidents, it is highly crucial to find a safe and reliable remedy for the prevention of lethal pathological effects triggered by ionizing radiation, including hematopoietic, gastro-intestinal, vascular reactions, and DNA damage [1,2,3,4]. Radiation-induced DNA damage can be subclassified into two categories: direct and indirect [5,6,7,8,9]. The aim of the study was to scrutinize the ability of epsilonaminocaproic acid (EACA) to prevent radiation-induced damage to human cells.

Objectives

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion