Abstract
This paper considers low carbon parallel machines scheduling problem (PMSP), in which total tardiness is regarded as key objective and total energy consumption is a non-key one. A lexicographical method is used to compare solutions and a novel imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA) is presented, in which a new strategy for initial empires is adopted. Some new improvements are also added in ICA to obtain high quality solutions, which are adaptive assimilation, adaptive revolution, imperialist innovation, and alliance and the novel way of imperialist competition. Extensive experiments are conducted to test the search performance of ICA by comparing it with methods from literature. Computational results show the promising advantages of ICA on low carbon PMSP.
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