A new ImmunoCAP assay for detection of Echinococcus multilocularis-specific IgE

Abstract

In alveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by Echinococcus multilocularis ( E. m.), increased levels of total and parasite-specific IgE are frequently found. These may not only have diagnostic but are also supposed to have prognostic value in the follow-up of AE patients. However, there is no commercial test available for quantification of E. m.-specific IgE (sIgE). The only commercial test available is based on E. granulosus (g.) hydatid antigen, which is not optimal for detection of E. m.-specific IgE. Therefore, a new ImmunoCAP with covalently bound crude antigen of E. m. was developed in cooperation with Pharmacia Research Forum for the analysis of E. m. sIgE. The E. m. ImmunoCAP was evaluated in 53 AE patients with different clinical disease progression and 20 healthy controls. Our data showed a higher sensitivity for sIgE determination with E. m. ImmunoCAP compared to the E. g. ImmunoCAP (73.6% vs 61.5%) and a positive correlation between total IgE and sIgE. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between sIgE in both tests. In conclusion, the new E. m.-specific ImmunoCAP test proved to be a valuable tool for determination of sIgE. It may provide the basis for the development of further E. multilocularis-specific IgE immunotests which are essential for evaluation of sIgE during clinical course of AE.