A New Hybrid Multicriteria Approach Using Fuzzy Graph Controller and Dijkstra’s Algorithm for Urban Traffic Congestion

Abstract

This paper presents a new multi-criteria approach to solve the problem of urban traffic congestion, which is based on a hybridization of the Dijkstra’s algorithm, and a fuzzy logic based controller (FLC-DA). In fact, this study is based on complete modeling of a road network by a graph, where the nodes represent the intersections and the edges represent the roads. Thus, the fuzzy controller generates at each moment the edge’s weights based on five inputs criteria. These latter are the information coming from the sensors representing the distance of the road, the number of vehicles on this road, the presence of accidents, the presence of the public works between two intersections, and the maximum speed allowed by the Highway Code. The generated weights are processed by the most optimal path calculation system adopting the Dijkstra’s algorithm. The proposed algorithm is compared to the Bellman-Ford Algorithm (BFA) in terms of accuracy and complexity to justify the choice of the Dijkstra Optimal Pathfinder designed (DOPF). The obtained results demonstrate the influence of each entry criterion on the generated weight. Then, the comparison shows that FLC-DA is less complex compared to BFA method applied to real graph studies chosen from the literature.