Abstract
Abstract Most previous grid-based routing protocols use reactive mechanisms to build routing paths. In this paper, we propose a new hybrid approach for grid-based routing in MANETs which uses a combination of reactive and proactive mechanisms. The proposed routing approach, referred to as the Tree-based Grid Routing Protocol (TGRP), uses shortest-path trees to build the routing paths between source and destination nodes. Combining the desirable features of the reactive and proactive mechanisms allows for more stable routing paths by providing readily-constructed alternative paths. The stability of the TGRP paths lead to a substantial system performance compared to other protocols in terms of end-to-end delay and delivery ratio. Extensive simulation results reveal that the new TGRP outperforms the existing well-known GRID in terms of these measures
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