Abstract
A novel N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand precursor, o-Phen-L, based on 1,10-phenanthroline was designed and synthesized. This Imidazole salt was characterized by NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. The performance of o-Phen-L as a ligand has been evaluated. o-Phen-L coexisted with CuI to form a highly efficient catalytic system for the Ullmann type N-arylation reactions of (hetero)aryl chlorides and azoles. This catalytic system shows broad functional group tolerance and can provide the desired coupling products with high to excellent yields (80–98%) under mild conditions.
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