A New High Aperture Efficiency Transmitarray Antenna Based on Huygens Metasurfaces

Abstract

In this article, a new transmitarray (TA) antenna is designed and fabricated based on Huygens metasurfaces (HMSs). An analytical method has been used to achieve the distribution of surface parameters equivalent to HMS. In this method, the required equations for computing the surface parameters are derived using ray tracing, generalized sheet transition conditions, and two conditions of local power consumption and local impedance equalization. In order to implement these surface parameters, wire and loop unit cells are utilized, which are exposed to the radiation transversely. The array of these unit cells offers high aperture efficiency broadband TA antennas in low aperture profile. The fabricated TA antenna with a low aperture thickness of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$0.2\lambda $ </tex-math></inline-formula> exhibits the bandwidth, sidelobe level (SLL), and cross-polarization level of 14%, −19 dB, and −19 dB, respectively. In addition, the high aperture efficiency of 65% is reached with this TA, which shows great improvement in comparison to previous works.