Abstract
Although tremendous achievements have been made in enhancing recoverable energy storage density (Wrec) of lead-free dielectric ceramics for electrical energy storage applications in recent years, these ceramics with high Wrec still have two disadvantages: complex chemical composition and difficult preparation process. In this work, we selected NaNbO3 (NN)-based ceramics as base materials and used Bi2O3 as a sintering aid to reduce porosity and enhance dielectric breakdown strengths. Encouragingly, high Wrec, simple chemical composition and facile preparation process were simultaneously realized in 0.77NaNbO3-0.23BaTiO3 (0.77NN-0.23BT) ceramics. A large Wrec of 1.5 J cm−3 at 175 kV cm−1 and excellent thermal stability (variation of Wrec < 15% over the temperature range of 20˜140 °C) were simultaneously achieved in 0.77NN-0.23BT ceramics. More importantly, this work could bring out the development of a series of NN-based ceramics for electrical energy storage in the future such as NN-ABO3 (A = Ca and Sr; B = Ti and Zr).
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