Abstract
One of the key features of nature-based solutions (NBSs) is their high effectiveness and economic and resource efficiency in solving problems compared to traditional grey interventions. These aspects, however, have so far attracted little attention in the literature but should be considered, as the evaluation of NBS projects before implementation provides an opportunity to use them as practical tools. This paper aims to present a new evaluation framework of NBS projects (at the stage of solution selection) based on the application of performance questions and the indicators approach. The framework consists of three main stages: (1) the formulation of the project aim(s), including the problem(s) to be solved, the scales of the expected effects and the thresholds to be achieved; (2) the elimination of solutions that do not fit the local conditions and setting requirements; and (3) the examination of the performance questions. To consider the whole spectrum of influencing factors, a systematic review was performed to indicate the main concepts related to the issue of NBS effectiveness, including (1) stakeholders' participation, (2) policy and management capability, (3) economic efficiency, (4) analysis of synergies and trade-offs, (5) adaptation to local conditions, (6) adequate spatial scale and (7) performance in the long term. In the current study around 130 indicators were identified for the evaluation of NBS projects. Regarding the impact on the state of knowledge, the present work contributes to the discussion on the conceptual sphere of NBS and its practical implementation by introducing multi-perspective standards and guidelines for the selection of possible NBS projects, and it deals with the complexity of synergies and the trade-offs between benefits.
Highlights
Nature-based solutions (NBSs) work with nature to benefit both natural ecosystems and the people that depend on them
This paper aims to present a new evaluation framework of NBS projects based on the application of performance questions and the indicators approach
Identification of the main concepts related to NBS effectiveness
Summary
Nature-based solutions (NBSs) work with nature to benefit both natural ecosystems and the people that depend on them This concept reflects the paradigm that nature provides solutions to global challenges and turns them into opportunities (Science for Environment Policy, 2021). Their primary role and scope may be expressed by the following statement: ‘by working with nature, rather than against it, communities can develop and implement solutions that pave the way towards a resilient, resource-efficient and green economy’ (European Commission, 2020). The Oxford English Dictionary (2016) defines effectiveness as ‘the degree to which objectives are achieved and the extent to which targeted problems are solved’. Taking into account the complex nature of NBSs, such ‘power’ means solving or diminishing problem(s) through activities dealing with environmental, social and economic pillars (Sowińska-Świerkosz et al, 2021)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
