Abstract
A new species of Naupactini (Curculionidae: Entiminae) endemic to Brazil, Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais states, is herein described. It resembles the monotypic genus Hadropus Schoenherr in its general appearance, particularly in the shape of the elytra, and the color of the vestiture, but the results of a cladistics analysis herein conducted suggest that it belongs to the genus Stenocyphus Marshall. This genus ranges in São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, mainly in the Atlantic forest of Brazil, and includes three other species. Stenocyphus costae sp. nov., distinguishes from the remaining species of Stenocyphus by the green iridescent scaly vestiture, having long stiff setae on the two pairs of elytral tubercles; the more slender rostrum; the shorter antennae; the convex disc of the pronotum; and the shorter and broader elytra. This paper includes a cladogram of the Naupactini genera showing the phylogenetic position of the new species, its complete description, photographs of male and female habitus, line drawings of genitalia of both sexes, and a key of the Stenocyphus species.
Highlights
The Neotropical genera Hadropus Schoenherr, 1826 and Stenocyphus Marshall, 1922 (Curculionidae, Entiminae, Naupactini) share several morphological characters, such as the presence of elytral tubercles and the disc of the elytra elevated towards the beginning of the declivity; the vestiture composed of scales and coarse setae; the tibiae lacking rows of denticles along the inner margin or with minute denticles; and the corbels of the metatibiae well-developed, covered with scales or scale-like setae
Mixed in the series of Hadropus albiceris Germar, we found some specimens which are similar to this species in the characters of the vestiture and shape of the elytra, but differentiate in some diagnostic characters at generic level, such as those of the rostrum and shape of the spermatheca
We provide the total length (L), the consistency index (CI) (Kluge & Farris, 1969) and the retention index (RI) (Farris, 1989) of the most parsimonious trees (MP tree), calculated excluding the uninformative characters
Summary
The Neotropical genera Hadropus Schoenherr, 1826 and Stenocyphus Marshall, 1922 (Curculionidae, Entiminae, Naupactini) share several morphological characters, such as the presence of elytral tubercles and the disc of the elytra elevated towards the beginning of the declivity (humped elytra); the vestiture composed of scales and coarse setae; the tibiae lacking rows of denticles along the inner margin or with minute denticles; and the corbels of the metatibiae well-developed, covered with scales or scale-like setae. Mixed in the series of Hadropus albiceris Germar, we found some specimens which are similar to this species in the characters of the vestiture and shape of the elytra, but differentiate in some diagnostic characters at generic level, such as those of the rostrum and shape of the spermatheca We concluded that these specimens correspond to a new species, and in order to test its generic position we undertook a cladistics analysis based on morphological characters. The objectives of this contribution are to describe the new species, to illustrate its diagnostic characters, and to analyze its phylogenetic position within the tree of the Naupactini, to decide about to its correct generic placement
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