Abstract
The extraction efficiency of hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI), from water has been investigated using a vegetable oil based emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) technique. The main purpose of this study was to create a novel ELM formulation by choosing a more environmentally friendly and non-toxic diluent such as palm oil. The membrane phase so formulated includes the mobile carrier tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride (TOMAC), to facilitate the metal transport, and the hydrophilic surfactant Tween 80 to facilitate the dispersion of the ELM phase in the aqueous solution. Span 80 is used as surfactant and butanol as co-surfactant. Our results demonstrate that this novel ELM formulation, using the vegetable palm oil as diluent, is useful for the removal of hexavalent chromium with an efficiency of over 99% and is thus competitive with the already existing, yet less environmentally friendly, ELM formulations. This result was achieved with an optimal concentration of 0.1 M NaOH as stripping agent and an external phase pH of 0.5. Different water qualities have also been investigated showing that the type of water (deionized, distilled, or tap water) does not significantly influence the extraction rate.
Highlights
The removal and recovery of heavy metals from wastewater and industrial effluents is environmentally and economically driven as much as it is a health issue
tri-n-octylmethylammonium chloride (TOMAC) prepared in distilled water (DW), de-ionized water (DI) and tap-water (Tap), respectively
The observed performance is comparable to that reported in other studies, for instance the study of Goyal et al who observed an optimum removal of 97.5% within the same time range [9], García et al who have reported a removal of 94% Cr(III) within 5 min [6], and Kumbasar et al who could extract 99% Cr(VI) within
Summary
The removal and recovery of heavy metals from wastewater and industrial effluents is environmentally and economically driven as much as it is a health issue. Liquid membranes consist of three distinct phases: the feed phase, the membrane phase, and the stripping phase, as schematically shown in combines the stripping and extraction processes in a single step [7,8] and is an elaborated form of solvent extraction. Another benefit of using ELM from an environmental viewpoint is the low energy demand compared to pressure-driven membrane processes [9]. The ELM can be prepared using relatively simple materials and equipment
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
