Abstract
Energy efficient prosumer microgrids (PMGs) with active and flexible demand side management (DSM) mechanisms are considered to be crucial elements of future smart grids. Due to an increasing share of renewable energy and the growing power demand, appropriate tools to manage not only the loads but also small generation units, heating and cooling systems, storage units and electric vehicles should be provided for them. Therefore, this paper proposes an innovative approach to both physical and logical organization of an active DSM system for future building-integrated prosumer microgrids (BIPMGs), based on standard building automation and control systems (BACS) as well as Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm. New event-triggered control functions with developed universal, logical interfaces for open BACS and IoT network nodes are presented and their implementation in smart metering as well as fully integrated energy management mechanisms is analyzed. Finally, potential energy efficiency improvements with proposed BACS functions are discussed, based on BACS efficiency requirements defined in the EN 15232 standard.
Highlights
The modern power system is more and more penetrated by distributed generation (DG) resources and it is evolving into the Smart Grid (SG)
Field-level network standards based on Internet Protocol (IP) or other open communication protocols are proposed in mentioned papers to: (i) enable real-time information flows between customers, prosumers and the SG energy management systems as well as (ii) allow them to play an active role in the electricity market and the energy management strategies, in particular locally within building-integrated prosumer microgrids (BIPMGs) [26]
A novel approach to organize an active, event-based demand side management (DSM) mechanism, dedicated to BIPMGs, with universal communication platform based on the building automation and control systems (BACS) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology has been presented
Summary
The modern power system is more and more penetrated by distributed generation (DG) resources and it is evolving into the Smart Grid (SG). Bearing in mind all the aforementioned aspects, a new active DSM concept has been proposed for prosumer microgrids It provides flexibility and interaction between all loads and energy sources on-site (local level) as well as between Distribution System Operators (DSOs) and prosumers, with the possibility to exchange data and actively respond to requests for information like energy pricing (tariffs), incentive or demand reduction signals [10,17,18,19,20]. To propose a new active DSM concept with TBM functions and augmented demand elasticity model, focused on effective control of the RES and energy storages within the PMGs. To discuss potential energy efficiency improvements in prosumer microgrids with the BACS.
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