A new Clustering algorithm for an Energy Efficient WSN that Monitors HVTTs: Modified Multi Clustering

Abstract

In this paper, a new clustering algorithm is developed to design an energy efficient Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) for monitoring High Voltage Transmission Towers (HVTTs), Modified Multi Clustering (MMC) algorithm. MMC algorithm optimizes communication distance between routing nodes and the data traffic in the network. To design a WSN based on MMC algorithm, a RF transceiver that can reach long distances such as 10 km is needed. So, Long Range (LoRa) transceivers are considered for this paper, and electrical characteristics of Microchip RN293 LoRa transceiver are used to realize simulations of WSN designs based on MMC algorithm. The Classic Clustering (CC) algorithm is considered to compare energy efficiency, so the second WSN is designed by using the CC algorithm. Simulations shows that the maximum overall energy required per day for a single HVTT in a network of 100 HVTTs is 10.76 Joules per day for the WSN design based on MMC algorithm, and the maximum overall energy required per day for a single HVTT in a network of 100 HVTTs is 19.90 Joules per day for the WSN design based on the CC algorithm.