A new classification of Cyperaceae (Poales) supported by phylogenomic data

Félix Forest,Olivier Maurin,Niroshini Epitawalage,Isabel Larridon,Santiago Martín‐Bravo,Modesto Luceño,Ilias Semmouri,Karen L Wilson,William J Baker,Andrew L Hipp,William Wayt Thomas ,Tamara Villaverde,Pedro Jiménez‐Mejías,Marcial Escudero,Daniel Spalink,Tammy L Elliott,Alexandre R Zuntini,Étienne Léveillé‐Bourret,Russell L Barrett,Izai Alberto Bruno Sabino Kikuchi ,Suzana Maria Costa ,Martin Xanthos,A Muthama Muasya,Isabel Fairlie,Julian R Starr,Grace E Brewer,Lisa Pokorny,José Ignacio Márquez‐Corro,Paul Goetghebeur,Kenneth Bauters,David A Simpson,Jeremy J Bruhl,Eric H Roalson

doi:10.1111/jse.12757

Abstract

AbstractCyperaceae (sedges) are the third largest monocot family and are of considerable economic and ecological importance. Sedges represent an ideal model family to study evolutionary biology due to their species richness, global distribution, large discrepancies in lineage diversity, broad range of ecological preferences, and adaptations including multiple origins of C4 photosynthesis and holocentric chromosomes. Goetghebeur′s seminal work on Cyperaceae published in 1998 provided the most recent complete classification at tribal and generic level, based on a morphological study of Cyperaceae inflorescence, spikelet, flower, and embryo characters, plus anatomical and other information. Since then, several family‐level molecular phylogenetic studies using Sanger sequence data have been published. Here, more than 20 years after the last comprehensive classification of the family, we present the first family‐wide phylogenomic study of Cyperaceae based on targeted sequencing using the Angiosperms353 probe kit sampling 311 accessions. In addition, 62 accessions available from GenBank were mined for overlapping reads and included in the phylogenomic analyses. Informed by this backbone phylogeny, a new classification for the family at the tribal, subtribal, and generic levels is proposed. The majority of previously recognized suprageneric groups are supported, and for the first time, we establish support for tribe Cryptangieae as a clade including the genus Koyamaea. We provide a taxonomic treatment including identification keys and diagnoses for the 2 subfamilies, 24 tribes, and 10 subtribes, and basic information on the 95 genera. The classification includes five new subtribes in tribe Schoeneae: Anthelepidinae, Caustiinae, Gymnoschoeninae, Lepidospermatinae, and Oreobolinae.

Highlights

Cyperaceae are the third largest monocot family (>5600 spp.; Govaerts et al, 2020) and are of considerable economic and ecological importance (Simpson & Inglis, 2001; Spalink et al, 2016a, 2018)
36 accessions enriched with the Angiosperms I kit for Anchored Phylogenomics (Léveillé‐Bourret et al, 2018c), including Khaosokia caricoides D.A.Simpson, were mined for reads overlapping with the data generated using the Angiosperms353 probes, as were 6 accessions enriched with Cyperaceae‐specific probes (Villaverde et al, 2020), and 20 transcriptomes available on GenBank (Table S1)
4.1 Family Cyperaceae In our results, Cyperaceae are confirmed as a monophyletic family within the monocot order Poales, sister to Juncaceae (Figs. 2, 3)

Summary

Introduction

Cyperaceae (sedges) are the third largest monocot family (>5600 spp.; Govaerts et al, 2020) and are of considerable economic and ecological importance (Simpson & Inglis, 2001; Spalink et al, 2016a, 2018). (Fig. 1A), and to the long‐lived dwarf‐tree‐like Microdracoides squamosa Hua (Fig. 1B) and the similar looking species of the New Caledonian endemic genus Chamaedendron (Kük.) Larridon (Larridon et al, 2018a). It is ecologically diverse and occurs in a wide variety of habitats ranging from truly aquatic plants in rivers and lakes to annuals and perennials in fire‐ prone grasslands, forests and high‐elevation vegetations In temperate Australia, the genera Ammothryon R.L.Barrett, K.L.Wilson &

Objectives

Methods

Conclusion