Abstract
Sponge-associated fungi are attractive targets for the isolation of bioactive natural products with different pharmaceutical purposes. In this investigation, 20 fungi were isolated from 10 different sponge specimens. One isolate, the fungus Penicillium citrinum strain WK-P9, showed activity against Bacillus subtilis JH642 when cultivated in malt extract medium. One new and three known citrinin derivatives were isolated from the extract of this fungus. The structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, as well as LC-HRMS. Their antibacterial activity against a set of common human pathogenic bacteria and fungi was tested. Compound 2 showed moderate activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis ATCC607 with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 32 µg/mL. Compound 4 exhibited moderate growth inhibition against Bacillus subtilis JH642, B. megaterium DSM32, and M. smegmatis ATCC607 with MICs of 16, 16, and 32 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, weak activities of 64 µg/mL against B. subtilis DSM10 and S. aureus ATCC25923 were observed for compound 4.
Highlights
The discovery of bioactive compounds from the marine environment has increased over the last two decades, showing the potential of this habitat for the discovery of novel structures [1,2].As an example, marine sponges are a reported source for agents with diverse biological activities, e.g., antimicrobial or cytostatic activity [3,4,5,6,7,8]
During our ongoing research to discover antibacterial compounds, 10 sponges were collected from Hoga Island located in Wakatobi National Park (Figure 1)
The activity against M. smegmatis was of the same magnitude for compounds 2 and 4 (MIC of 32 μg/mL, respectively)
Summary
The discovery of bioactive compounds from the marine environment has increased over the last two decades, showing the potential of this habitat for the discovery of novel structures [1,2].As an example, marine sponges are a reported source for agents with diverse biological activities, e.g., antimicrobial or cytostatic activity [3,4,5,6,7,8]. The discovery of bioactive compounds from the marine environment has increased over the last two decades, showing the potential of this habitat for the discovery of novel structures [1,2]. In order to conduct preclinical and clinical trials and to develop a promising hit compound into a lead candidate for a marketed drug, continuous substance supply is crucial. Chemical synthesis of the complex natural product enabled further development as a lead structure, which led to the synthesis of the structurally simplified and pharmaceutically optimized analog eribulin [10]. Sponges have an important role in their ecosystems [11]. Exploitation of this bioresource must be avoided
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
