Abstract
The new economic structures characterized by the growing dynamics of the economic context and a greater influence of the market on entrepreneurial activities requires companies to generate and adopt more and more competitive innovations, to maintain and develop a high level of innovative activity. Innovations are perceived as a necessity, they are a factor, and they are the mobile strength of companies in the 21st century. Every modern manager should recognize the role of innovations for the existence of companies and aim for innovative development. The news in various sectors must be followed. In this sense, it is necessary to look for options and overcome the obstacles that stand in the way of innovations. This paper attempts to assess the level of innovativeness of 26 European economies in the years 2016–2018 by using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). To perform this study, the evaluation used was carried out on the basis of a summary index constructed with the use of statistical methods of non linear ordering; in particular. In the analysis carried out, the statistics of the Global Innovation Index were used to describe the innovative capacity of economies in two areas: (a) science and technology; and (b) education and training. The evolved classification of innovativeness of these countries, built on the basis of a synthetic index, will allow to create a ranking that will lead to comparative analysis among these countries.
Highlights
1.1 Introduce the ProblemIn the last period the economic scenario has been the protagonist of radical changes in very fast times, which has progressed to the evolution of market conditions unpredictable
It can be noted that it is necessary to adapt your organization to a systematic approach to business model innovation (BMI) that integrates the current practice of product and service innovation with greater capacity for the government and enhancement of new technologies
This does not mean that customer thinking is the main source of an innovative idea, but it is very important to take it into account
Summary
In the last period the economic scenario has been the protagonist of radical changes in very fast times, which has progressed to the evolution of market conditions unpredictable. Companies need to rethink and redefine their business model, identifying new paths of value generation, reformulating the approach to the market, reviewing the cost structure and configuring a flexible organizational structure and open to innovation (Iacovone, 2018). Industry 4.0 features such as real-time capacity, horizontal and vertical interoperability, integration of production systems through ICT systems, are considered the answer to current challenges In such a context, the future market position and profitability of companies will be the result of having identified and adopted an appropriate (innovative) business model, based on the opportunities offered by the new industrial revolution (Chesbrough, 2010; Osterwalder / Pigneur, 2010; George / Bock, 2011; Gassmann et al, 2013)
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