Abstract
BackgroundThe present work was designed to detect heavy metal contents of Al, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr and Cu in sediments and shells of the Trachycardium lacunosum collected in polluted and unpolluted areas along the Persian Gulf.MethodsThe samples were taken from surface sediments (0-10 cm) and shells of Trachycardium lacunosum in two separated areas (polluted and unpolluted) in northern part of the Persian Gulf, Asaluyeh Bay, during summer 2013. The prepared samples were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES).ResultsBased on the results, all measured metals including Al, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr and Cu were meaningfully higher in the sediment samples of polluted area compared to unpolluted area and the order of metal concentrations in the sediment samples were Cr > Co > V > Ni > Zn > Cu > Fe > Al > Mn in polluted area. In the case of shell samples of Trachycardium lacunosum, polluted area contained significantly higher contents of Al, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, Co, Cr and Cu compared to unpolluted area and the order of metal concentrations in the shell samples were Fe > Zn > Al > Mn > Cu > Cr > Ni > Co in the polluted area.ConclusionIt was concluded that shells of the Trachycardium lacunosum can be used as a suitable bioindicator for heavy metals in the aquatic environment. Results confirmed that due to the possible contaminations by oil and gas activities near the polluted area perennial monitoring and mitigation measures is extremely necessary.
Highlights
The present work was designed to detect heavy metal contents of Al, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr and Cu in sediments and shells of the Trachycardium lacunosum collected in polluted and unpolluted areas along the Persian Gulf
Sediments act as a reservoir for various pollutants such as heavy metals and while many bivalves existing inside sediment accumulate elevated concentration levels of metals with regard to their bioaccessibility [8]
In this work, the levels of metals including Al, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr and Cu were determined in the sediment and shell samples of the bivalve Tracycardium lacunosum from two areas of Asaluyeh Bay, northern part of the Persian Gulf
Summary
The present work was designed to detect heavy metal contents of Al, Zn, Fe, Mn, Ni, V, Co, Cr and Cu in sediments and shells of the Trachycardium lacunosum collected in polluted and unpolluted areas along the Persian Gulf. Shell can provide a more precise symptom of pollution and environmental change [13]; they give minor variation than the living organism’s tissue present a historic record of metal level all over the organism’s life cycle. This record still preserved after organism death [14]. There are a few comprehensive studies in the Persian Gulf region especially on evaluation of metal contents in the bivalve shells of Trachycardium lacunosum with its connection to metal contents in the sediments. Due to the high dispersion of this bivalve in Nayband Bay and Lavar-e-Saheli, in this study we used Trachycardium lacunosum to evaluate its efficiency as a suitable bioindicator for metals
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