Abstract

ABSTRACT . Muds of different compositions are used in the drilling well process, to support the wall of the borehole along with maintenance of pressure, and toremove rock cuttings generated from the geological formations encountered by the drill bit. The drilling mud invades the formations and modifies the zones surroundingthe borehole, mainly, in terms of the physical properties of the rocks, such as porosity and permeability. The identification of this formation damage is important forreservoir characterization, and the subsequent well completion, as well as for the analysis of economic viability. Many years ago, Schlumberger developed a methodfor determining mud invasion diameter using the Tornado Chart. Today, practitioners in the oil industry use the Tornado Chart to present geophysical logs. Improvingupon Schlumberger’s methodology, Crain used mathematical equations to calculate the mud invasion diameter. In this study, we propose a polynomial mathematicalmethod to determine mud invasion diameter. Our method utilizes the same resistivity well logs, namely dual induction log and dual laterology, though different from thatof Schlumberger or Crain methods. The approach developed in this study considers the characteristics of the invasion process while quickly and accurately showingresults in the form of a log that can be visualized adjacent to other logs measured in the borehole. Keywords: formation damage, drilling mud invasion, resistivity well logs. RESUMO. No processo de perfuracao de pocos sao utilizadas diferentes composicoes de lama com o proposito de suportar a parede do poco, manter a pressao e, ainda, remover os fragmentos de rocha originados pela broca ao atravessar as formacoes geologicas. A lama de perfuracao invade as formacoes e modifica as zonas circundantes ao poco, sobretudo, em termos das propriedades fisicas das rochas, tais como a porosidade e permeabilidade. A identificacao deste tipo de dano a formacao e importante, principalmente para a caracterizacao do reservatorio, bem como nas atividades posteriores de conclusao do poco e, ainda, na analise deviabilidade economica. Neste sentido, ha muitos anos, a Schlumberger desenvolveu uma maneira de determinar o diâmetro de invasao da lama usando o GraficoTornado, que e utilizado ate hoje na industria do petroleo, essencialmente usando perfis geofisicos. Mais tarde, com o objetivo de melhorar a determinacao do diâmetro de invasao, Crain usou equacoes matematicas para calcular esse valor, fazendo correcoes na metodologia da Schlumberger. Neste trabalho, por outro lado, propoe-se um metodo matematico polinomial para determinar o diâmetro de invasao, que e diferente das metodologias desenvolvidas pela Schlumberger e por Crain, mas tambem utilizando os mesmos perfis resistivos de pocos, ou seja, os perfis de inducao (DIL) e laterolog (DLL) duplos. Desta forma, o procedimento desenvolvido no presentetrabalho mostrou-se rapido e preciso, pois considera melhor as caracteristicas do processo de invasao, mostrando ainda os resultados sob a forma de um perfil ao lado de outros perfis medidos no poco, resultando, assim, numa visualizacao mais eficiente. Palavras-chave: dano a formacao, invasao da lama de perfuracao, perfis resistivos de pocos.

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