Abstract
The new analysis of a simplified plane model of single-layered graphene is presented in this work as a potential material for reinforcement in ultralight and durable composites. However, owing to the clear literature discrepancies regarding the mechanical properties of graphene, it is extremely difficult to conduct any numerical analysis to design parts of machines and devices made of composites. Therefore, it is necessary to first systemize the analytical and finite element method (FEM) calculations, which will synergize mathematical models, used in the analysis of mechanical properties of graphene sheets, with the very nature of the chemical bond. For this reason, the considered model is a hexagonal mesh simulating the bonds between carbon atoms in graphene. The determination of mechanical properties of graphene was solved using the superposition method and finite element method. The calculation of the graphene tension was performed for two main directions of the graphene arrangement: armchair and zigzag. The computed results were verified and referred to articles and papers in the accessible literature. It was stated that in unloaded flake of graphene, the equilibrium of forces exists; however, owing to changes of inter-atom distance, the inner forces occur, which are responsible for the appearance of strains.
Highlights
The observed trend in “thinning” the parts of machines and devices as well as structural elements, especially in the aviation or armament industry, forces the development of new materials with particular emphasis on composites
Numerous analyses and studies included in the literature of basic mechanical properties (Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio) of graphene were presented
The basic model that was used was a hexagonal mesh associated with detailed atoms of graphene, which were simultaneously nodes
Summary
The observed trend in “thinning” the parts of machines and devices as well as structural elements, especially in the aviation or armament industry (unmanned aerial, ground, or underwater vehicles), forces the development of new materials with particular emphasis on composites. In many analyses and investigations given in the literature, basic mechanical properties of graphene (Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio) were treated as the base for calculations Both Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio in the elastic range are material constants; looking through literature, it is unknown how one should assume the values of those parameters for calculations of composite composed of matrixes and flaxes of graphene. As it is well known, graphene, with respect to its mechanical properties, among others, is being researched more and more in applications in the space vehicle and aviation industry, for example, as a structural composite material. The proposed model was validated by numerical calculation (finite element method software)
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